Pharewell to Phishing : Secure Direction and Redirection over the Web

The conventional wisdom has always been that users should refrain from entering their sensitive data (such as usernames, passwords, and credit card numbers) into http(or white) pages, but they can enter these data into https (or yellow) pages. Unfortunately, this assumption is not valid as it became clear recently that, through human mistakes or Phishing or Pharming attacks, a displayed yellow page may not be the same one that the user has intended to request in the first place. In this paper, we propose to add a third class of secure web pages called brown pages. We show that brown pages are more secure than yellow pages especially in face of human mistakes and Phishing and Pharming attacks. Thus users can enter their sensitive data into brown pages without worry. We present a login protocol, called the Transport Login Protocol or TLP for short. An https web page that is displayed on the browser is classified brown by the browser if and only if this web page has been called into the browser either through TLP or from within another brown page that had been called earlier into the browser through TLP.